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Carbon footprint of plastic bags: what you need to know

Updated on
March 27, 2025

The carbon footprint of plastic bags is much more relevant than it seems.
Each bag, no matter how simple, generates emissions from the moment it is made until it is discarded.

And when we’re talking millions per day, the impact skyrockets.

For many companies, these kinds of products go unnoticed.
But if we want to comply with regulations, optimize resources, and stay competitive, we have to start measuring.

We can’t manage what we don’t know.

Understanding this footprint is key to making decisions.

It’s not just about counting emissions, but about identifying where the biggest impacts are and how we can reduce them without complicating things.

Why Should We Care About the Carbon Footprint of Plastic Bags?

Plastic bags are everywhere.

From the supermarket to industrial packaging, they are part of daily life in nearly every sector.

The problem is not just their volume, but the hidden impact they generate.

Each bag involves emissions that often go unseen. Manufacturing, transporting, using, and discarding them has an environmental cost.

If we don’t measure it, we don’t control it. And if we don’t control it, we won’t meet our goals or regulations.

The impact adds up quickly. When multiplied by thousands or millions of units, the effect on a company’s ESG indicators can be more serious than it seems.

What Is the Carbon Footprint of Plastic Bags?

The carbon footprint of a plastic bag measures the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
generated throughout its entire life cycle, from oil extraction to disposal or incineration.

Every stage counts: raw materials, production, transportation, use, and waste management.

Everything adds up.

Practical example: a single-use supermarket bag may seem harmless.
But if we consider its short lifespan versus the production volume and daily usage, the environmental impact becomes evident.

How Is the Carbon Footprint of a Plastic Bag Measured?

1. Main Methodologies Used

There are several ways to calculate this footprint, but all start from the same principle: quantifying emissions.

The most common are:
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): measures from creation to disposal.
PAS 2050: specific product standard.
ISO 14067: outlines requirements and guidelines for calculating these emissions.

2. Key Factors Taken Into Account

Not all bags pollute the same. It depends on the type of plastic, the manufacturing process, the transportation, and how it’s discarded.

Reuse also plays a role. A thicker bag may have a higher initial footprint, but if reused many times, it could end up with a lower overall impact.

You have to look at the whole picture. From the resin type to the recycling system, everything influences the final calculation.

3. Differences Between Types of Bags

A supermarket bag is not the same as an industrial one. They differ in materials, production volumes, and how they’re used.

Thinner, single-use bags usually have a lower footprint per unit, but since they are used in large quantities and not reused, their impact multiplies.

Reusable or technical-use bags have a different profile. Though their initial footprint is higher, they can be more efficient long-term if used properly.

Want to reduce emissions? Then it’s time to analyze which bags we use, how many, for what purpose, and how they’re managed afterward.

Why Measure It? 4 Strategic Reasons for Your Company

1. Regulatory Compliance in Sustainability (CSRD, EINF, etc.)

More and more regulations demand emissions measurement.

And we’re not just talking about large companies, the regulatory framework is expanding for everyone.

What happens if you don’t measure? You can’t report.

And without data, it’s impossible to comply with CSRD, EINF, or any other upcoming standard.

Measuring the carbon footprint of plastic bags is one more step to stay compliant. And save yourself trouble along the way.

2. Cost Control and Efficiency in Your Company

Fewer emissions usually means lower costs. If we measure properly, we detect resource leaks and optimize processes.

From materials to transportation, there are many opportunities to reduce costs without sacrificing quality.

It’s not about spending more, it’s about spending smarter.

3. Reputation and Brand Value for Clients and Stakeholders

More and more customers demand transparency. And that means real data, not empty promises.

Measuring your footprint helps prove that you’re doing things right. And that builds trust, both inside and outside the company.

Reputation isn’t invented, it’s built. And this is part of that process.

4. Competitiveness Amid New Market Demands

The rules of the game are changing. And the companies that adapt first, win.

If you don’t measure, you can’t improve. And if you don’t improve, you fall behind competitors who are already optimizing their ESG impact.

Can we relax? Not really. The market is demanding it, and fast.

3 Main Challenges in Measuring This Footprint

1. Lack of Traceability in the Supply Chain

Most emissions don’t come from your factory, but from your value chain. And if you don’t have visibility, you can’t take action.

Do you know where the plastic you use comes from? Without traceability, there are no reliable data.

2. Scattered or Incomplete Data

Collecting information is a mess if you don’t have a centralized system. Loose files, different formats, missing data...

And when the data is flawed, the whole calculation loses value. We need order, not complications.

3. Difficulty Comparing Suppliers and Processes

Not everyone reports in the same way. And that makes comparison very difficult.

Is this supplier more polluting or just worse at measuring?

The lack of common standards can lead us to make the wrong decisions.

To improve, we need to understand where we stand. Without comparability, we’re flying blind.

Our Vision: Measuring Is Only the First Step

Measuring is good, but it’s not enough. If we stop there, we’re not using the full potential of ESG data.

The key lies in integrating measurement into a broader strategy.

One that helps us continuously improve and make decisions based on real information, not assumptions.

Data is useless if we don’t use it to act.

And this is where sustainability becomes a real strategic lever.

Where to Start? 4 Steps to Take Action Today

1. Identify the Products with the Highest Volume or Impact

You don’t need to measure everything from day one.

Let’s start with what matters most: products we sell the most or those that generate the most emissions.

That’s where the best opportunities lie. What doesn’t add value can wait.

2. Centralize Your Data in a Single Platform

Having information scattered across multiple places doesn’t work. We need to see everything in one place to act quickly.

The more organized the data, the faster the decisions.

3. Rely on Digital Solutions That Ensure Accuracy and Scalability

Doing this by hand is a mess. For the calculation to be reliable and scalable, we need technology that gives us control without complications.

And that adapts to any regulation, sector, or volume of information.

4. Set Goals Aligned with Your ESG Commitments

Measuring just to measure is pointless. You have to be clear about why you want this data: to meet a standard, reduce emissions, improve processes...

Set clear, achievable goals that match what the market is asking for.

Dcycle: Your Ally to Measure and Transform Your ESG Impact

At Dcycle, we’re not auditors or consultants. We’re a solution for companies that need to go beyond theory.

We gather all your ESG information in one place. And we connect it with the regulatory frameworks you already use or will be required to follow: CSRD, EINF, SBTi, ISO, and what’s coming next.

All in an automated, simple, and direct way. Because measuring shouldn’t be an obstacle, but the beginning of a real sustainability strategy that actually works.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What’s the Difference Between Carbon Footprint and Ecological Footprint?

The carbon footprint focuses on greenhouse gas emissions.

That is, it measures the CO₂ and other GHGs generated by a product or process.

The ecological footprint is broader. It includes resource consumption, land use, water, etc.

But if we’re talking about emissions, what matters is the carbon footprint.

How Does the Type of Plastic Influence the Carbon Footprint?

Not all plastics pollute the same.

It depends on the base material, the manufacturing process, and whether it’s recycled or not.

The more complex the plastic, the higher its footprint tends to be.

The energy used to produce it and how it’s managed at the end of its life also play a role.

Can the Carbon Footprint Be Reduced Without Eliminating Plastic Bags?

Yes, but it has to be done right.

Using less intensive materials, extending product lifespan, and improving logistics already represents major progress.

Eliminating isn’t always the only option.

Optimizing can be just as effective when done wisely.

What Data Do I Need to Accurately Calculate This Footprint?

We need full life cycle data. From raw materials to transportation, usage, and end of life.

The more accurate the data, the more realistic the calculation. And the more useful it will be for decision-making.

How Often Should the Carbon Footprint of Products Like Bags Be Measured?

Ideally, every time key conditions change.

For example, if you change suppliers, materials, or processes.

It also makes sense to do it periodically. This way we can track progress and adjust strategy without improvising.

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Cristina Alcalá-Zamora
CSRD Specialist | Content Creator

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How Can You Calculate a Product’s Carbon Footprint?

Carbon footprint calculation analyzes all emissions generated throughout a product’s life cycle, including raw material extraction, production, transportation, usage, and disposal.

The most recognized methodologies are:

  • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
  • ISO 14067
  • PAS 2050

Digital tools like Dcycle simplify the process, providing accurate and actionable insights.

What Are the Most Recognized Certifications?
  • ISO 14067 – Defines carbon footprint measurement for products.
  • EPD (Environmental Product Declaration) – Environmental impact based on LCA.
  • Cradle to Cradle (C2C) – Evaluates sustainability and circularity.
  • LEED & BREEAM – Certifications for sustainable buildings.
Which Industries Have the Highest Carbon Footprint?
  • Construction – High emissions from cement and steel.
  • Textile – Intense water usage and fiber production emissions.
  • Food Industry – Large-scale agriculture and transportation impact.
  • Transportation – Fossil fuel dependency in vehicles and aviation.
How Can Companies Reduce Product Carbon Footprints?
  • Use recycled or low-emission materials.
  • Optimize production processes to cut energy use.
  • Shift to renewable energy sources.
  • Improve transportation and logistics to reduce emissions.
Is Carbon Reduction Expensive?

Some strategies require initial investment, but long-term benefits outweigh costs.

  • Energy efficiency lowers operational expenses.
  • Material reuse and recycling reduces procurement costs.
  • Sustainability certifications open new business opportunities.

Investing in carbon reduction is not just an environmental action, it’s a smart business strategy.